Mastitis is a common yet often distressing condition that affects breastfeeding mothers. Characterized by inflammation of the breast tissue, mastitis can cause pain, redness, swelling, and sometimes flu-like symptoms. While it can be uncomfortable and challenging, timely treatment and management can help resolve mastitis effectively. In this blog, we'll delve into what mastitis is, its causes, symptoms, and most importantly, how to treat and manage it.
What is Mastitis?
Mastitis occurs when bacteria enter the breast tissue through a cracked nipple or a milk duct, leading to infection and inflammation. It primarily affects breastfeeding women, though it can occasionally occur in women who are not breastfeeding.
Common Causes of Mastitis:
- Blocked Milk Ducts: Milk ducts can become blocked due to inadequate milk removal, leading to milk stasis and bacterial growth.
- Cracked or Sore Nipples: Damaged nipples provide an entry point for bacteria.
- Stress and Fatigue: These factors can weaken the immune system, making mothers more susceptible to infections.
- Infrequent or Irregular Breastfeeding: Skipping or delaying feedings can lead to engorgement and blocked ducts.
Symptoms of Mastitis:
- Breast Pain: Often a localized, throbbing pain in one breast.
- Redness and Warmth: The affected area may appear red and feel warm to the touch.
- Swelling: The breast may become swollen and tender.
- Flu-like Symptoms: Fever, chills, and body aches are common, indicating an infection.
Treating Mastitis:
- Continue Breastfeeding: Despite the discomfort, it's crucial to continue breastfeeding or pumping to ensure milk is drained effectively from the affected breast. This helps prevent further milk stasis and encourages healing.
- Rest and Hydration: Adequate rest and staying hydrated are essential for recovery. Resting allows the body to fight the infection more effectively, while hydration supports overall health.
- Warm Compresses: Applying warm compresses to the affected breast before feeding can help alleviate pain and encourage milk flow.
- Pain Relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen can help reduce pain and inflammation. Always consult with a healthcare provider before taking any medication while breastfeeding.
- Antibiotics: If mastitis is caused by a bacterial infection or symptoms do not improve with self-care measures, antibiotics may be prescribed by a healthcare provider. It's important to complete the full course of antibiotics as directed.
- Correct Breastfeeding Technique: Ensuring proper latch and breastfeeding technique can prevent future episodes of mastitis. A lactation consultant can provide guidance on optimal positioning and addressing latch issues.
When to Seek Medical Attention:
- High Fever: A persistent fever over 101°F (38.3°C) despite home treatment.
- Severe Pain or Increasing Redness: These may indicate an abscess or worsening infection.
- Flu-like Symptoms: If symptoms worsen or do not improve after 24 hours of home treatment.
Preventing Mastitis:
- Proper Breastfeeding Technique: Ensure your baby latches correctly and feeds effectively from both breasts.
- Frequent Feedings: Avoid skipping feedings and empty your breasts regularly to prevent milk stasis.
- Good Hygiene: Keep nipples clean and dry, and address any cracked nipples promptly.
- Manage Stress: Practice stress-reduction techniques and ensure adequate rest.
While mastitis can be a challenging condition, timely and appropriate treatment can help resolve symptoms and prevent complications. Seeking support from healthcare providers, including lactation consultants, can provide reassurance and guidance throughout the recovery process. Remember, breastfeeding is a journey that can have its ups and downs, but with the right knowledge and support, you can navigate mastitis and continue to enjoy the benefits of breastfeeding your baby.
Would you like support to tips and tricks for preventing and treating mastitis? Book an appointment today! As a lactation consultant supporting York Region (Markham, Richmond Hill, Thornhill, Vaughan, Stouffville, Uxbridge) and Durham Region (Pickering, Whitby, Ajax, and Oshawa), I would love to guide you through this!
